Pepper spray enables you to defend yourself while keeping a safe distance from an attacker. A one second burst to the face will cause temporary blindness, choking, coughing, and nausea-bringing the attacker to his knees. The active ingredient in our spray is Oleoresin Capsicum (O.C.), commonly referred to as red pepper. When considering which pepper spray is most effective, one must consider the percentage of pepper being used and the heat rating of that pepper (measured in Scoville Heat Units or S.H.U.). All of our pepper sprays are two million S.H.U., which is one of the highest available. At 17% and two million S.H.U., our Street Wise pepper spray is one of the hottest, most powerful in the world. The potency of this spray enables it to bring down even the most aggressive assailants. The "Flip Top" is designed to be fired quickly by police and other law enforcement agencies. To fire it, simply slide you thumb under the spring loaded safety cap and press down. The safety cap prevents accidental discharge. Although designed for law enforcement, we also sell it to civilians. A holster is available for this model (purchased separately).